Saturday, December 28, 2019

Transactional Leadership And The Leadership Style

In contrast, to laissez-faire leadership, transactional leadership includes clear directions or processes that employees are required to follow. In addition, transactional leadership holds the employees accountable for their actions despite the fact that the directions were provided to them. (Odumeru, Ifeanyi, 2013) While this leadership style has its advantages, it also has some disadvantages. There have been many studies on transactional leadership and the style has displayed many positive attributes. The first positive attribute is employee motivation. Since this leadership style is built on rewards and punishments, it has been found to be effective in motivating employees to be productive. For example, the reward that is promised†¦show more content†¦If employees go against these policies, it may result in undesirable actions, like being suspended or even terminated. A transactional leader instructs employees on exactly what to do and how to do it. This type of lea der does not tolerate criticisms or disobedience of any kind. Because of this rigor, the leader generally does not adjust to a given situation or take suggestions from employees which can limit creativity. Since transactional leaders manage their employees by providing a set of rules that must be followed, employee emotions are not taken into consideration as long as goals are met. This can result in employees that are not only disinterested about the well-being of the company, but are also strictly performing a given task to get the promised award. However, the transactional leadership style remains an acceptable style because the ‘carrot and stick’ philosophy can motivate employees get the job done. However, this style, also has many critics because of the way it directs its employees’ performance and hinders the employees from developing leadership skills and does not inspire any creativity. (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987) Transformational Leadership Finally, onto a review of the transformational leadership style. Transformational leaders that are effective develop a vision, communicate changes to employees in a convincing way, nurture trust and motivate others to take action. These leaders are able to motivateShow MoreRelatedTransformational and Transactional Leadership Styles536 Words   |  2 PagesTransformational and Transactional Leadership Styles Transformational leadership theory is intended to create positive change in the followers whereby they take care of each others interests and act in the interests of the group as a whole. Essentially the leaders task is consciousness-raising on a wide plane. The leaders fundamental act is to induce people to be aware or conscious of what they feel and to feel their true needs so strongly, to define their values so meaningfully, that they canRead MoreTransactional Leadership Theory : President Nelson And His Leadership Style839 Words   |  4 PagesIn evaluating Chief Nelson and his leadership style, it is difficult to place him under one theory or another as he exhibits traits of numerous leadership theories, both positive and negative. This would be true of most all people in leadership roles, formal and informal leaders alike. I settled on the transactional leadership theory as it most completely captures his most frequent behaviors. Transactional leadership theory focuses on idea l of obey or else, reward for following and doing as toldRead MoreThe Relationship Between Transactional And Transformational Leadership Styles1221 Words   |  5 PagesThere are two types of leadership: 1. Transactional a. Transactional leadership style concentrates on the tasks for which the employees are responsible. They clarify the employee’s role and task requirements and motivate them by providing them with both negative and positive rewards concerning performance. Transaction leadership focuses on: i. Setting goals. ii. Monitoring progress toward goal achievement. iii. Rewarding or punishing people concerning their achievement of goals. 2. TransformationalRead MoreThe Impact Of Transactional, Transformational And Laissez Faire Leadership Styles On Organisational Performance1556 Words   |  7 PagesDoes leadership make a difference to organisational performance? Leadership is commonly equated with positions of power, influence and status. However, leadership can be seen at all levels of an organisation, not just a person or group of people in a superior position. The influence of leadership on organisational performance is a common topic of interest. There are a number of leadership styles that influence an organisations performance when implemented. The type of leadership style used withinRead MoreChanging Hats: Incorporating Transactional, Transformational and Complexivist Leadership Styles into 21st Century Classrooms2960 Words   |  12 Pagesleaders in the classroom, therefore, teachers need to be aware of this emergent nature of our society. This needs to be reflected in the classroom. In my essay, I will argue that as teachers we need to draw from both transactional and transformational theories of leadership as they can help us understand how to effectively manage our learning environments but that we also need to begin to consider the complexity of an emerging society, promoting both creative and critical thinking. This requiresRead MoreTransformational and Transactional Leadership Styles, Followers Positive and Negative Emotions, and Performance in German Nonprofit Orchestras6932 Words   |  28 PagesTransformational and Transactional Leadership Styles, Followers’ Positive and Negative Emotions, and Performance in German Nonproï ¬ t Orchestras Jens Rowold, Anette Rohmann Although the transformational-transactional leadership paradigm has received increased attention from the research community over the past two decades, the nonproï ¬ t sector has been largely neglected. This study provides information about the effectiveness of transformational and transactional leadership styles in the domain ofRead MoreThe Role Of Transactional And Transformational Leadership Styles On Organizational Commitment And Job Satisfaction Of Customer Contact Personnel913 Words   |  4 PagesComparison Matrix Paper . Article one entitled â€Å"Transformational leadership in the Public Sector: Does Structure Matter?† by Wright and Pandey, discusses the public organization and goes against stereotypical beliefs that they are filled with bureaucracy. Next â€Å"The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on the Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Customer Contact Personnel,† written by Emery and Barker job satisfaction in the banking food store businesses. TheRead MoreTransactional And Transformational Leadership : A Transformational Leader1149 Words   |  5 PagesTransactional and Transformational Leadership For this paper, we were asked if we saw ourselves as a transactional leader or a transformational leader. This was a tough question. When I held managerial positions, I would not have my worker do anything I would not do. I would work beside my workers and encourage them along with overseeing their work. Overall I feel I am a mixture of both leader styles. I will discuss why below. Transactional Versus Transformational Transactional and transformationalRead MoreThe Importance Of Transactional And Transformational Leadership1243 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Transactional and Transformational Leadership There have been identified leaders in the world as far back as history has recorded. In addition, there have been negative and positive leaders, as this is the human condition. Leadership models and theories have been the subject of research for over 100 years. The contributions of leadership theories may have altered the delivery of leadership throughout modern age for positive leaders, because he or she saw the ‘new and different’Read MoreThe Role Of Transactional Versus Transformational Leadership1320 Words   |  6 Pages As the study of leadership has expanded over the past decades, a general shift in the paradigm of leadership style has begun to occur. The male dominated workforce has started to give way to a far more diversified workplace, with increasing numbers of women and minorities in leadership positions. This shift, resultantly, is causing a move away from the traditional leadership styles, with more focus given to contemporary leadership theories. For example, in a recent TED Talk Roselinde Torres discussed

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Essay on Exploring How Audiences Decode the Narrative of...

Exploring How Audiences Decode the Narrative of Memento The decoding process is a method in which audiences of any kind of media material breaks it down and eventually understands to what it is. An easy example of a decoding process would be to look at a simple narrative which is found mostly in fairy tales; these are the easiest as they have been designed for children and are not complex and contain no real hard understanding. Yet our subject film is very different from a fairy tale in a lot of respects yet the most obvious would be the use of time and the order of the story, which is completely in reverse going from the end towards the beginning and not chronological at all. Todorovs†¦show more content†¦Enigma codes are strive and very important to Momento every scene has them and it is only in the next scene backwards or perhaps the one after that we recognize and find out the answer to a quandary we perhaps had for the story. Characters and the roles they play are covered by the theorist Propp who contested there are only a certain number of characters that pop up in the majority of narratives. Propps list of character types are not all present, although in our film the cast do fill roles described by Propp. Our perspective of characters intentions and motives are changing throughout; an example is Teddy who we firstly see as a victim, then we have the impression that he is actually a killer and that his murder was justified, only to find that our first thoughts were true and he is completely a victim. Mr. Levi Strauss theory on binary oppositions can be seen within this film; the most obvious one being vulnerability/ strength. Our main character is very vulnerable because of his condition and this has him abused by those he takes for friends and leaves him very puzzled sometimes. The makers highlight our understanding of his condition here and this method is an attempt to show the audience the severity of his problem. It is otherwise difficult to find any others and if there were I dont believe they would help us understand

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Islamic Crime and Punishment and International Human Rights Law free essay sample

This paper is an in-depth look at Islamic law and how it frequently comes into conflict with international law and human rights. This paper is a detailed discussion of Islamic criminal law, its sources, its application, and its conflict with international law and human rights. The author examines both primary and secondary sources of Islamic law, and describes Hudud, Tazir and Qesas crime and punishment. The paper also focuses on the historical background of Muslim law. From the paper: ?Islam means ?submission? or ?surrender? to the will of Allah. For the more than one billion Muslims of the world, this means submission to a comprehensive code of law governing every arena of life: social, political, economic, and religious. In Islam there is no separation of church and state, no distinction between religion and politics; Government, law, and religion are unified. Some would argue that Islamic law is not fully practiced in any part of the Islamic world. We will write a custom essay sample on Islamic Crime and Punishment and International Human Rights Law or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While this may be true, twenty-three nations have either declared Islam to be the state religion or declared the religious writings of Islam to be the principal source of law.?

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Stress in Modern Life free essay sample

Cause and effect: stress and city living We all suffer stress sometimes the anxiety and the feeling that life is hard to cope with. According to psychology, stress is an unpleasant state of emotional and psychological arousal that people experience in situations that they perceive as dangerous or threatening to their well being. Is that true that people who live in a city come across more stressful situations than others living in the countryside? In my opinion it is. An extremely dynamic development of big urban agglomerations brought about all known sources of stress, from the population growth, the level of noise, environmental pollution and life speed, to the danger of car accidents and crime increase. The intensity of stress sources concentrated on a small area strengthens stress undoubtedly. First of all, I would like to focus on the traffic in big cities that is incomparably greater than in That is why more and more people there feel frustrated and are more vulnerable to stress and depression than people living in the countryside. We will write a custom essay sample on Stress in Modern Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Driving a car in the rush hours for many people is the most stressful situation they can imagine, because it means moving forward very slowly and coming to a stop every several meters. It is widely known that noise does not influence our psyche profitably. A growing aggression can be felt almost tangibly. Sometimes people just need to rest in a peaceful and totally quiet place, which is very difficult to find in a big city, where everyday bustle does not stop even in the late night hours, making a relaxation almost impossible. All of these factors lead to the fact that life is much more nerve-racking in the city in comparison with areas that have the population density of rural areas and villages. On the other hand, a city also may cause isolation because makes possible a situation in which we are in the crowd of people who are totally strange, unfamiliar and absolutely indifferent. The next source of stress in a city is, undoubtedly, a large number of its inhabitants, clustered on a relatively small area. The research shows that such a feeling of alienation is a reason for a serious stress. On the pavements, there are hundreds of people rushing in different directions and colliding with each. Even the pettiest incident may be enough to cause a serious row. Other factor that contributes to the great amount of stress in the city is lack of influence on the conditions, in which we have to live. Every man needs his own living space and his own sphere of privacy, which are violated on every occasion in a big city. These include the traffic jams, noise volume, ubiquitous crowds and car accidents danger and may have very harmful impact on gargantuan citytms inhabitants, who tend to be touchy and over-reactive. We cannot stop the crowd, street noise, traffic and we do not choose the people around us